![]() ![]() Different areas of the user data file system are protected by their own Primary Keys that are derived from different credentials. This change to device encryption provides a more flexible data protection scheme. Device Encrypted (DE) storage is accessible during Direct Boot mode, as well as after the user unlocks the device.Credential Encrypted (CE) storage is only available after the user enters their credentials and unlocks the device.If the user chooses not to enter their credentials, the device is unable to receive phone calls and alarms are prevented from functioning.įBE-based devices allow certain apps to be aware of their encryption and run with limited functionality enabled through the use of two storage locations: This feature allows for extended functionality over FDE-based devices, which require the user to enter their credentials before the OS boots and any user data is accessed. NOTE - Devices that launched with Android versions before version 9 continue to use FDE even after upgrading to Android 10 through a maintenance release.įBE also introduced a new feature called Direct Boot, which lets encrypted devices boot straight to the lock screen. If Secure Startup is not enabled after being configured, the Primary Key is re-encrypted using the default password instead of the user's credentials.ĭuring subsequent device reboots, the Primary Key is recovered using either the default password or the user's credentials, depending on whether Secure Startup was configured, allowing the system to mount the user data partition and decrypt its data while it is read from Flash memory. If the user sets a PIN, password, or pattern on the device, and configures Secure Startup via Settings > Biometrics and Security, the Primary Key is re-encrypted by the Keymaster using the user's credentials and stored. This component uses keys derived from a default password and a device-unique hardware based key to protect against offline attacks. When the user boots up the device for the first time (for example, following a factory reset), the 256-bit Primary Key is randomly generated and encrypted in storage by the TEE-based Keymaster component. Once a device is encrypted, all data created by the user is automatically encrypted before being committed to disk and decrypted during the read process. On FDE-based Android devices, all user data is encrypted using AES-256-XTS or AES-256-CBC (depending on the device) with a randomly generated encryption key, also known as the Primary Key. To meet industry and government security requirements, Samsung Knox builds upon FDE to enhance the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) implementation, taking advantage of hardware security mechanisms and the Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) on Samsung Galaxy devices. ![]() For devices launching with Android 7.0 or higher, the User Data partition is encrypted by default. What is full-disk encryption (FDE)?įDE was introduced in Android 4.4 to provide users with the option to encrypt the entire User Data partition at the Flash Block level. NOTE - Per Google Android Compatibility Program's requirements, devices launched with Android 10.0 or higher are required to use file-based encryption. ![]()
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